Photo from a destroyed building in Ukraine and the destroyed city street below

Russian bombs destroyed much of Mariupol, Ukraine, shown here in May 2022.

AP Images

STANDARDS

Common Core: RH.6-8.1, RH.6-8.2, RH.6-8.4, RH.6-8.7, RH.6-8.9, WHST.6-8.4, RI.6-8.1, RI.6-8.2, RI.6-8.4, RI.6-8.7, RI.6-8.9, W.6-8.4, SL.6-8.1

NCSS: Time, Continuity, and Change • Individual Development and Identity • Power, Authority, and Governance • Global Connections

WORLD NEWS

Uprooted by War

Three Ukrainian teens give first-person accounts of their harrowing escapes from Russia’s attack on their country.

As You Read, Think About: How could eyewitness accounts of a war offer a different perspective from history books or news articles?

On the morning of February 24, 2022, Russia launched an all-out assault on the neighboring country of Ukraine. Suddenly, air raid sirens broke the stillness as missiles rained down on Ukrainian military bases and cities, including Kyiv, the capital. At the same time, Russian troops and tanks poured into the Eastern European nation from the north and east. As Ukrainian fighters took up arms against the invaders, their president, Volodymyr Zelensky, pledged to resist to the end. Yet the Russian onslaught caused throngs of civilians to flee their homes. 

In the months since, Ukrainian troops have pushed back against Russian advances, thanks in part to weapons and military intelligence from the United States and European countries. But the struggle, along with a steady barrage of Russian bombs and missiles, has caused great suffering. As of late September, the United Nations estimated that at least 6,000 civilians have been killed. And tens of thousands of Ukrainian soldiers have been killed or wounded in the fighting.

At the same time, more than 7 million Ukrainians have been displaced within Ukraine. An additional 7.2 million have escaped to other countries—most to Poland.

In early June, Polish journalist Gabriela Sanek interviewed Ukrainian teens in Warsaw, Poland’s capital, for Junior Scholastic. Each had made a terrifying journey. None knew when or if they could return home. 

Here are the teens’ stories.

These interviews have been edited and condensed by the editors.

Olena

16, Mariupol

Wojtek Buczek

“I’d like to be a politician or a diplomat one day so . . . I can protect my country.”

Olena Gorduz is from Mariupol, an important industrial city close to Russia. Shelling from Russian forces almost totally destroyed the city. Enemy troops took full control of Mariupol in May.

I always told my friends, “Guys, there won’t be any war.” I can’t understand how people in the 21st century can make war. Then I woke up on the morning of February 24 and saw that the sky was red. I thought that it was because of emissions from the Azovstal plant [a huge factory nearby]. Then I heard a boom. A few seconds after that, I heard some more explosions. I took my phone and read that the war had started. 

Olena and her family took refuge from Russian bombs in their basement. One day, Olena learned that a classmate had been killed. 

We were very shocked that it could happen to our friend. For us, it was like a final realization that this is no joke. It’s really a big, horrible war. Soon after that, the lights went off, then the water, the phone. We couldn’t call each other. 

On March 15, the family decided to make a run for it. They got in their car and drove to Poland. 

When we were leaving our city, I was praying. My mother was crying. We saw so many burned houses, burned military vehicles, and dead people on the streets. It was horrible. 

The family made it safely to Poland. An aid organization found shelter for them.

Now I am a refugee. My city is destroyed. When people from other cities in Ukraine come to Poland, they ask me, “Where are you from?” When I tell them that I’m from Mariupol, they look at me with their eyes full of pain.

I hope that the war will finish with a Ukrainian victory. I’d like to be a politician or a diplomat one day so that in the future I can protect my country.

Irina

16, Shklo

Wojtek Buczek

“My friends . . . in Ukraine worry. They don’t know what could be next.”

Irina Kiselyk is from the village of Shklo, close to the western city of Lviv. As news of the Russian invasion spread on the morning of February 24, she and her family began preparing for the worst. 

I remember that first night was the scariest night of my life. I didn’t close my eyes even once. The next day, when I was at home, my mother called and said, “Stay calm, but pack up your backpack, for yourself, for your brother, with everything you need the most.” And then I felt so bad, I started crying. When you ask if it is possible to put everything into one backpack—your whole life—you understand that you can’t. 

Dad drove us to the border, and then he went back home. We went by foot, not by car, because people in cars waited in line at the border for three days. It was so mentally hard, really. I would not like anyone to feel how I did then.

My dad called later and said, “I’m sorry for everything. If something should happen, remember that I love you all.” I told him, “Don’t say that. I don’t want to hear it, because in one, two, or three weeks we will come back home, and everything will be fine.” 

From the border we were taken in by friends, and now we live with them in Warsaw. We all live in the same room—my mother, my sister, and my brother. But we don’t think about this when we read the news about what’s going on at home. When Dad calls and says what is happening. When you read that our army has nothing. 

My friends who stayed in Ukraine worry about their lives. They don’t know what could be next. Will you survive the night or not? Now my father is fighting in the war, and when I ask what will happen, he says he doesn’t know. I am proud of all of them. We are Ukrainians, and we should have freedom.

Why Ukraine?

Anatoly Sapronenkov/AFP via Getty Images

Ukrainians rally for independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.

For centuries, Russian leaders have tried to make Ukraine part of a larger empire. All along, Ukrainians have struggled to maintain their own identity. In 1922, Ukraine was forced to be part of the Soviet Union, a giant Communist country dominated by Russia. When the Soviet Union broke apart in 1991, Ukraine again declared itself independent.

Russian President Vladimir Putin does not recognize Ukraine as a nation. Ukrainians have rejected Russian-backed leaders and strengthened ties with the West. In 2014, Putin seized Crimea and some of the Donbas region, a major industrial hub in Ukraine. His 2022 attack, say experts, is a continuation of a long history.

Rostyslav 

17, Kostiantynivka

Wojtek Buczek

“After the war . . . this broken, destroyed world will require kindness.”

Rostyslav Sheichenko is from the town of Kostiantynivka, in the eastern region called the Donbas. One day in early March, he learned that he and his mother would have to evacuate by train to Poland within the hour. 

Was I afraid? I do not think so because it happened too fast. In situations like this, you do not feel a lot. However, you do know that now you are going to sit in that train and that evacuation lines often are bombed. So that is still not safe enough. 

Hours later, their train reached the Ukrainian city of Kharkiv.

I heard a lot of explosions in one second. I counted 10. Our train was stopped in the railway station, and some people who weren’t able to get on were hitting it with stones and with their own hands. They were crying, screaming. We put two mothers and two children into the train compartment with us, and two cats in bags. The whole train was full of people, sitting on the floor, in the corridors. 

Mykhaylo Palinchak/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images

Ukrainians board a train evacuating them from the Donbas in August 2022.

Finally, the train arrived in Warsaw. Months later, Rostyslav reflected on his emotions during and since his escape. 

During the war, it was like being in a fog. When you are in war, you do not feel many things. You are simply living. You know that while you are asleep, you can immediately die because of an explosion. But now I feel different. I can find happiness again. I began an intensive study of English. And I think in some way, I am going through a kind of adaptation for a peaceful life.

My father stayed in Kostiantynivka; he’s living in our home. A few of my friends also stayed there. War is bad for their mental health. They are cycling from horrible hate to depression. I talk to them almost every day. I’m trying to keep their optimism at the highest state possible.

In any time and in many situations, you have to protect the kindness inside you. Because after the war, you could be in a broken world. And this broken, destroyed world will require kindness that you will not have if you don’t overcome the hate inside you.

SKILL SPOTLIGHT: Analyzing Primary Sources

What challenges did each of these teens experience as they fled? How are they dealing with their lives as refugees?

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