Natalia (right) would walk miles a day, carrying jerry cans, to get water.

Morris Weintraub/Courtesy of Charity: Water

STANDARDS

Common Core: RH.6-8.1, RH.6-8.2, RH.6-8.7, RI.6-8.1, RI.6-8.3, RI.6-8.5, RI.6-8.6,RI.6-8.7, SL.6-8.1, SL.6-8.5, W.6-8.2, W.6-8.7

C3 (D2/6-8): Civ.6, Civ.7,Civ.10, Geo.5, Geo.6, Geo.8

NCSS: People, places, and environments; Global connections

The Well That Changed Her World

In many places around the globe, there is no clean water. Instead of attending school, girls must spend hours a day fetching water for their families. Natalia was one of those girls—until her life was transformed forever.

Morris Weintraub/Courtesy of Charity: Water

It was 4:30 a.m. in Mozambique, a country in southeast Africa. Thirteen-year-old Natalia (right) dragged herself from the thin straw mat where she had been sleeping and dressed quietly. Her three younger sisters remained asleep in the room they all shared. Natalia slipped out of their hut and set off into the darkness.

She moved briskly. There wasn’t a second to waste. Her journey would take hours. 

Natalia walked about a mile in the dark, through fields of tall, snake-filled grasses. But she walked without fear. She had been making this trip twice a day, seven days a week, since she was 10 years old.

Why?

Natalia wasn’t heading to school. She was going to fetch the water her family needed to survive.

It was 4:30 a.m. in Mozambique, a country in southeast Africa. Thirteen-year-old Natalia (right) dragged herself from the thin straw mat where she had been sleeping. She dressed quietly. Her three younger sisters remained asleep. They all shared one room. Natalia slipped out of their hut. She then set off into the darkness.

She moved briskly. There was not a second to waste. Her journey would take hours.

Natalia walked about a mile in the dark. She traveled through fields of tall grasses filled with snakes. But she walked without fear. She had been making this trip twice a day, seven days a week, since she was 10 years old.

Why?

Natalia was not heading to school. She was going to fetch the water her family needed to survive.

When Water Is a Luxury

Jim McMahon/Mapman®

For most people in the United States, getting clean water is as simple as turning on the kitchen faucet. You probably don’t think twice about taking a long shower after soccer practice, leaving the water running when you brush your teeth, or having water fights with your friends on hot summer days. An American, on average, uses more than 80 gallons of water each day, an amount that could fill at least 850 soda cans.

But for hundreds of millions of people around the world, even one sip of clean water is a luxury. In Natalia’s village, for example, water doesn’t flow from a tap or a backyard hose. Toilets are pits in the ground, and people use jugs of water for bathing. Every single drop of water is precious.

Until recently, it was up to the women and children of the village, particularly girls, to spend many hours each day collecting water for their families. (Throughout much of the developing world, where gender inequality is widespread, it is common for women and girls to be responsible for this chore, as well as other types of household work.) 

Getting clean water is as simple as turning on the kitchen faucet for most people in the United States. You probably do not think twice about taking a long shower after soccer practice. Leaving the water running when you brush your teeth or having water fights with your friends on hot summer days may seem normal. On average, an American uses more than 80 gallons of water each day. That amount could fill at least 850 soda cans.

Just one sip of clean water is a luxury for hundreds of millions of people around the world. For example, water does not flow from a tap or a backyard hose in Natalia’s village. Toilets are pits in the ground. People use jugs of water for bathing. Every single drop of water is precious.

Until recently, it was up to the women and children of the village, particularly girls, to spend many hours each day collecting water for their families. (Gender inequality is widespread throughout much of the developing world. It is common for women and girls to be responsible for this chore and other types of household work.)

80 to 100 gallons

The amount of water an American uses on average in a day.

SOURCE: U.S. Geological Survey

SOURCE: U.S. Geological Survey

A Long and Grueling Task

Natalia is a serious girl who loves learning. But the burden of getting water for her family left little time for anything else, including her own education. Most weeks, she was lucky if she made it to school twice. She’d managed to learn to read and write, but she dreamed of doing far more—like running her own school someday. 

Natalia had plenty of oppor­tunity to think about this dream on her trips to get water. The chore took most of her day. First there was the walk. Then she had to wait in line for hours at the hand-dug watering hole in the riverbed outside her village.

When it was finally Natalia’s turn, she would fill up a plastic jerry can with 3 to 5 gallons of water. A full can weighs from 20 to 40 pounds—about the same as several backpacks stuffed with books. Imagine lugging those backpacks for one mile. Now imagine doing it twice a day, every single day of the week.

Natalia is a serious girl who loves learning. But the burden of getting water for her family left little time for her own education or anything else. She was lucky if she made it to school twice during most weeks. Natalia had managed to learn to read and write. But she dreamed of doing far more. She wanted to run her own school someday.

Natalia had plenty of time to think about this dream on her trips to get water. The chore took most of her day. First there was the walk. Then she had to wait in line for hours at the hand-dug watering hole in the riverbed outside her village.

Finally, her turn would come. Natalia would fill up a plastic jerry can with 3 to 5 gallons of water. A full can weighs from 20 to 40 pounds. That is about the same as several backpacks stuffed with books. Imagine carrying those backpacks for one mile. Now imagine doing it twice a day on every single day of the week.

40 billion 

The number of hours women in sub-Saharan Africa collectively spend gathering water each year. This significantly affects their employment opportunities.

SOURCE: United Nations Development Program

SOURCE: United Nations Development Program

Even after all of that effort, the water Natalia brought home wasn’t fit to drink. It was gray and dirty. Although her family boiled the water before they drank it, doing so didn’t always kill the dangerous bacteria it contained. The water often made them sick. They had no other choice but to use it though. The muddy watering holes were the only source of water for many miles around.

Water-related illnesses are a major problem in developing countries like Mozambique. According to the World Health Organization, more than 2,000 people die worldwide every single day from water-related diseases.

The water Natalia brought home was not fit to drink, even after all of that effort. It was gray and dirty. Her family boiled the water before they drank it. But doing so did not always kill the dangerous bacteria it contained. The water often made them sick. They had no other choice but to use it though. The muddy watering holes were the only source of water for many miles around.

Water-related sickness is a major problem in developing countries like Mozambique. According to the World Health Organization, more than 2,000 people die worldwide every single day from water-related diseases.

Photo by Esther Havens/Courtesy of Charity: Water

Charity: water sponsored these construction crews in the African nation of Malawi.

Simple Fixes Out of Reach

The problem of unsafe water in Natalia’s village had a solution: What the village desperately needed was a well. A deep well would tap into an aquifer—an underground layer of rocks that holds water like a sponge. Water from the aquifer would be purer and cleaner than the water from the streambed. It would not be contaminated by animal or human waste. That’s because particles in the soil can act as a natural water filter, trapping harmful bacteria and pollutants. 

A well would give the villagers safe water to drink. It would also liberate Natalia and other girls. Instead of hauling water, the girls of the village would finally be able to go to school.

But digging a well requires expensive machines and scientific knowledge—neither of which were available to Natalia’s village.

The problem of unsafe water in Natalia’s village had a solution. The village desperately needed a well. A deep well would tap into an aquifer. An aquifer is an underground layer of rocks that holds water like a sponge. Water from the aquifer would be purer and cleaner than the water from the streambed. It would not be soiled by animal or human waste. That is because particles in the soil can act as a natural water filter. They would trap harmful bacteria and pollutants.

A well would give the villagers safe water to drink. It would also liberate Natalia and other girls. The girls of the village would finally be able to go to school instead of carrying water.

But digging a well requires costly machines and scientific knowledge. Neither of these things was available to Natalia’s village.

The Well That Changed Everything

Courtesy of Charity: Water

Natalia collects water at her village’s life-changing new hand pump.

Then, in 2014, something incredible happened. An organization called charity: water heard about Natalia’s village. Charity: water is a U.S.-based nonprofit that has funded more than 28,000 water projects around the world—277 of them in Mozambique.

Charity: water partnered with a local humanitarian organization called World Vision Mozambique. In August 2014, the groups sent trucks rolling into Natalia’s village. 

Workers surveyed the area, found the best place for a well, and started drilling. Natalia and her neighbors came to watch. Then the workers covered the hole and put a hand pump on top.

It wasn’t much to look at—just a simple pump sticking out of the ground. But it meant everything. For the first time in Natalia’s life, clean water poured into her hands.

Then, in 2014, something incredible happened. An organization called charity: water heard about Natalia’s village. Charity: water is a U.S.-based nonprofit. It has funded more than 28,000 water projects around the world. This includes 277 projects in Mozambique.

Charity: water partnered with a local humanitarian organization called World Vision Mozambique. In August 2014, the groups sent trucks rolling into Natalia’s village.

Workers surveyed the area. They found the best place for a well and started drilling. Natalia and her neighbors came to watch. Then the workers covered the hole and put a hand pump on top.

It was not much to look at. It was just a simple pump sticking out of the ground. But it meant everything. Clean water poured into Natalia’s hands for the first time in her life.

Morris Weintraub/Courtesy of Charity: Water

Natalia (far right) in a classroom at her school

Opportunity Ahead

For Natalia, clean water is a gift that is never taken for granted. It’s been more than four years since the trucks arrived in her village. Now villagers are rarely sick. They can bathe whenever they want. And they never go thirsty.

Life is quite different for Natalia these days. She goes to school. A top student, she plans to run her own school and improve the lives of other girls through education.

Clean water is a gift that Natalia never takes for granted. It has been more than four years since the trucks arrived in her village. Now villagers are rarely sick. They can bathe whenever they want. And they never go thirsty.

Life is quite different for Natalia these days. She goes to school and is a top student. She plans to run her own school and improve the lives of other girls through education.

844 million 

The number of people worldwide without access to clean water for drinking.

SOURCE: World Health Organization

SOURCE: World Health Organization

Natalia has also taken on an important project: Her fellow villagers elected her to be president of the water committee. They said that her intelligence and confidence made her perfect for the job. 

In this role, Natalia oversees a team of five adults. The group is responsible for watching over the well. They keep it in good condition and protect it from animals. They collect money for future repairs and educate their neighbors about sanitation and hygiene. Natalia’s duties keep her busy, but it’s important work that she’s proud of. 

Natalia still walks briskly, but she no longer has to walk to the riverbed in the dark each morning. Today, her steps are leading her toward the future she always dreamed of.

Natalia has also taken on an important project. Her fellow villagers elected her to be president of the water committee. They said that her intelligence and confidence made her perfect for the job.

In this role, Natalia oversees a team of five adults. The group is responsible for watching over the well. They keep it in good condition and protect it from animals. They collect money for future repairs. They also educate their neighbors about sanitation and hygiene. Natalia’s duties keep her busy. She is proud of this important work.

Natalia still walks briskly. But she no longer has to walk to the riverbed in the dark each morning. Today, her steps are leading her toward the future she always dreamed of.

Write About It! How can a well tranform someone’s entire life? Support your answer using evidence from the text.

Want to help bring water to villages like Natalia’s?
Visit charitywater.org to find out how.

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